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Decreased cingulo-opercular network functional connectivity mediates the impact of aging on visual processing speed.

Department of General and Experimental Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilans-Universität München, Munich, Germany; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, GSN LMU Munich, Munich, Germany. Electronic address: adriana.ruiz@lmu.de. Department of General and Experimental Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilans-Universität München, Munich, Germany; TUM-Neuroimaging Center, TUM-NIC, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany. Department of General and Experimental Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilans-Universität München, Munich, Germany; Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, GSN LMU Munich, Munich, Germany. Department of Psychology, Center for Visual Cognition, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of General and Experimental Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilans-Universität München, Munich, Germany; Hans Berger Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.

Neurobiology of aging. 2019;:50-60
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Abstract

The neural factors that account for the visual processing speed reduction in aging are incompletely understood. Based on previous reports of age-related decreases in the intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC) within the cingulo-opercular network and its relevance for processing speed, we hypothesized that these decreases are associated with age-related reductions in visual processing speed. We used a whole-report task and modeling based on Bundesen's "theory of visual attention" to parameterize visual processing speed in 91 healthy participants aged from 20 to 77 years. iFC was estimated using independent component analysis of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data. From the clusters within the cingulo-opercular network exhibiting age-related decreased iFC, we found a cluster in the left insula to be particularly associated with visual processing speed and to mediate the age effect on visual speed. This mediation was not observed for age-related decreased iFC in other networks or for other attentional parameters. Our results point to the iFC in the cingulo-opercular network, represented by the left insula, as being a relevant marker for visual processing speed changes in aging.